tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-61441445256027340112024-03-20T01:06:26.157-07:00perspective360perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.comBlogger6125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-85177558660237079032020-07-25T10:57:00.002-07:002020-07-25T10:58:32.464-07:00Present and Future Impacts of Covid19 on Society<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Intro<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>ANo one in India would be able to forget horrible images of labour migrants returning to their home often thousands of kilometers walking: An image of boy sleeping over suitcase and mother pullin it, an image of a 2 year old girl try to awakening her dead father in railway station, a teenager girl on cycle driving her ailing father from Haryana to her village in Bihar. Undoubtedly, as highlighted by International Labour Organisation, Covid19 was the w<span style="text-indent: -18pt;">orld’s worst global crisis since WWII (ILO)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Present Impacts<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Negative</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Mass movement of labour migrants: one of the
largest humanitarian crisis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->An estimated 12 crore people lost employment in
India (CMIE data)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Frequent instances of salary cuts and firing of
employees by corporates</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Highlighted the plight of long neglected
healthcare sector (time bought through lockdown can never be sufficient to fix
the very foundational gaps in healthcare, a long term vision is needed)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Hunger and malnutrition aggravated among
children (further increase stunting, wasting)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Domestic violence increased (complaints data
received by NCW)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Toll on mental health</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Education suffered because of closing of
schools, colleges and universities</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Neglect of patients suffering from other
diseases</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Vulnerable population like children, old age
people and differently abled suffered most</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Lockdown: decreased physical activities (walks,
gym, playground) <span style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">-</span>
increased obesity and fear of other life threatening diseases</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Labour shortage in agriculture <span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;">–</span> will result in decreased
productivity</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Reverse globalisation: borders among nations,
states, cities up to the village and block level</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Highlighted deep digital divides prevailing in
our society</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The crisis once led to deep religious divide
(Tablighi Jamat issue) but was later overcome</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Positive</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Every Indian has now learnt the importance of
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Highlighted the benefits possessed by strong
bonding in Joint family system</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Stature of police, healthcare workers increased
(air force aircrafts showering petals on hospitals)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Environment, wildlife and pollution</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Highlighted vital role played by Civil Society
and NGOs in food distribution, ration supply <span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;">–</span>
SHGs played an important role in manufacturing masks</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Our very way of life changed</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Eating in restaurants to online delivery of food</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Working in offices to work from home</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Conventional health and education delivery
methods to tele medicine and online teaching</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Meetings shifted from conference rooms to VCs
through zoom, google meet, skype</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Even online marriages</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 108pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Telecast of Ramayana and Mahabharat on
Doordarshan witnessed highest TRP ever</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Race for vaccine: Highlighted the fact that
whenever humanity faces any threat, it gets united and moves forward
collectively towards finding a solution (solidarity trials)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Boost to digital platform in governance (VCs, e
office, online circulars and orders, e pass)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 72pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "courier new"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Boost to India’s international image: world
leaders thanking our PM for exporting Hydroxychloroquine (further strengthened
our idea of Vasudhaiv Kutumbhakam)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Future Impacts<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->40 crore people will slip below poverty line
(ILO Report)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Masks, regular hand washing and maintain
distance (do gaz doori) will now be an integral part of our lives</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Everything will change: the way we interact, our
education system, working of offices, simple marriages, travelling in trains
and aircrafts (with reduced capacity)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The crisis helped us to identify deep cracks within
the Global institutions like WHO, UN and the need for reforms</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Way Forward<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->We have to think ways of living, surviving and
moving ahead along with the virus (Aatmanirbhar Bharat)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Spending on healthcare should drastically
increase</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Increased focus on WASH in our daily lives</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Organized the unorganised sector</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Need to reorient labour laws</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Need to build strong social security net for the
poor (use of Aadhar, mapping of unorganised workers, One Nation One Ration
Card)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Facilitate and empower civil society, NGOs, SHGs</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Nations and societies must realize that this war
cant be won individually but collectively</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7pt "times new roman";"> </span></span></span>Need to stress on revival of idea of Gandhiji’s
concept of oceanic circle (self reliant and empowered villages)</div>
<br /></div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-37068032867799667532020-07-25T10:52:00.001-07:002020-07-25T10:58:46.634-07:00What Chandrayaan episode teaches us?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><br /></div>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Take risks</li>
<li>Leadership qualities (PM recognising the team’s efforts and supporting and encouraging them…coming again in morning..shaking hands, hugging ISRO chief)</li>
<li>PM, Narendra Modi said the two greatest lessons I have received from Chandrayaan-2 are faith and fearlessness</li>
<li>Story of Rabbit and Tortoise: Chandrayaan 2 traveled a distance of 3,83,998 km out of 3,84,000 km between Earth and Moon. We cannot afford to be complacent</li>
<li>Success and Failure is all about perception: what we initially thought as failure turned out to be success...we failed to realise that we had successfully placed orbiter in its orbit and which is still sending the beautiful images of the moon.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-14395678509634498642017-02-16T20:44:00.001-08:002017-02-16T20:44:29.440-08:00My journey as a Civil Services Aspirant<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Life comes with opportunities. But when opportunities strike, they don't come alone. They come wrapped with certain risks surrounding it.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I experienced something closely related to above description when I was in my last year of graduation.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
To start with, my 3 years at IIT provided me with the platform not only to think and see higher but also to aim high.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Guess what next? I was also in league of "Civil Services Aspirants". And the best place ofcourse to get the "enlightment" (all of us know very well!) is the streets and classrooms of Old Rajinder Nagar. Sitting in the compact classrooms my views and opinions broadened. Black and white transformed into "shades of Grey". A lad who use to be blind follower of religion started questioning the rituals/practices and misinterpretations of religions. He started discarding anything that failed to stand the test of rationality. He who was a firm critic of government now started considering himself a (virtual) part of it and realised it is not an easy task to run a nation. Now means have become important for him instead of ends. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Though at times anxiety dominated reason and emotions but as a whole I'm really enjoying the journey without thinking so much about results. </div>
</div>
</div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-15365798818440787562016-03-04T08:43:00.000-08:002016-03-27T11:24:27.398-07:00THE NEED FOR ADHERENCE TO VALUES IN PRESENT EDUCATION SYSTEM<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
“<i>Educating the
mind without educating the heart is no education at all</i>” - Aristotle <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Destiny of a nation is shaped in her classrooms. One child, one teacher,
one book, one pen has the power to transform the whole world. The importance of
education can nicely be expressed by the lines “A pen is mightier than the
sword.” It is beyond doubt that all the individuals, societies, institutions, governments
throughout the world have realized the importance of education. But if we see
it from a different perspective then we would realize that education alone
itself can’t make this world a perfect place. If it alone could then, “Why the
present world is not free of problems?” “Why still there is social unrest
leading to violence?” “Why are we still experiencing miseries in day to day
life?” “Why despite having everything we lack prosperity and wisdom?” The
answer lies in the importance of “values”. Education without values is just
like producing machine/robots and not humans. It makes no sense if we gather
knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom. Therefore, value education is
necessary so that the civilization that teaches us to manage complexities can
be sustained and further developed.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Malala Yousafzai was an ordinary school student when Taliban attacked
her for propagating education among children (especially among girls). What
made her to raise voice against that injustice was value system inculcated to
her by parents and teachers.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u><br /></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u>What Education without
values would be?<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
A knife in the hands of a doctor can save many lives but the same knife in
the hands of a murderer becomes a source of destruction. Education without
values would create world of - Politics without Principle, Religion without
Sacrifice, Science without Humanity, Business without Morality, Knowledge
without Character, Pleasure without Conscience and Wealth without Work!<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
In this era of a “knowledge explosion” which has engulfed the
present-day education system, the primary goal of education for improving the
quality of life has been lost sight of. The present education system presses students
hard to master vast content areas without providing them opportunity to
introspect how that content/knowledge can be put to best of use.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
When students cheat during exams it’s because our school system values grades more than student’s value learning. Our present education system is producing good engineers, doctors, lawyers, leaders but not good humans/thinkers/philosophers. This clearly signifies the lack of values in our present education system<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18pt;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u><br /></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u>Why need for adherence to values
in Education?<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Bookish education mere provides us knowledge but it is the value system
that teaches us how to utilize it – For or against the mankind! Discovery of Atom
Bomb and Penicillin are both products of knowledge but it is the values which
differentiate their inventors. It is the same value system that differentiates
between Gandhi and Hitler (despite both of them being intellectual). Gandhi is
respected world over for propagation of truth and non-violence whereas Hitler
finds his place as “devil” in the pages of history books.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
There are several problems plaguing the whole world. <b>Corruption</b> has spread its roots
everywhere and almost every section of the society is affected by it. Scholars
have researched intensively but are unable to come out with a universally
accepted solution. Hence, now majority are of the view that this evil can only
be encountered by value education. As former President Dr APJ Abdul Kalam
rightly said “<span style="background: white;">If a country is to be corruption
free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three
key societal members who can make a difference – the father, the mother and the
teacher." </span>In other worlds he is directly emphasizing on value
education to children through teachers and parents.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
According to Global Risk Report, one major risk world is facing at
present times is <b>Religious/Ideological
Extremism</b>. Whole world is sitting on the brink of religious civil wars
because of hatred and intolerance towards different religious ideologies. Our
country also had witnessed riots. Every day in newspapers we read about youth world over joining ISIS, Al Qaeda –This
is because youth today is becoming Impatient and wants immediate results which
weakens his rational thinking to differentiate between right and wrong. Hence
there is need to strengthen their value system to make them more tolerant and
secular.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Income Inequality</b> could be reduced if ‘business’ is replaced
by ‘business with ethics’ and the necessary values must be inculcated into the
graduates – Doctors, Engineers, MBA scholars, Lawyers who will shape future of
our nation so that they consider it their duty and not mere ‘profession’.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<b>Sexual
Abuse</b> – What urges a
juvenile to rape an innocent girl puts a big question mark on our ability to
inculcate values in our children. Not only the individual who raped but society
as a whole is responsible for these kinds of heinous acts because values were
lacking in that juvenile.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<b>Drug
Abuse Problem </b>– Major
problem in state of Punjab. We can open innumerable Rehabilitation centers but
they only serve as a ‘cure’ and that too with very low success rate. The best ‘prevention’
strategy in this regard will be to engage youth in value education.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Development of biotechnology and bio-informatics has on the one hand, increased agricultural production, better medical facilities, some environmental gains, but has also created problems of ‘gene cloning’ and ‘surrogate motherhood’, raising complex ethical issues. If we neglect to make connection between basic ethics and technological progress, we would be ushering in an era of barbarism with a human face.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Remember, education is better safeguard of liberty than a strong army; it is a better tool for women empowerment than mere government schemes; it is an effective tool that can better safeguards human rights rather than conventions, declarations etc which merely exist on paper.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-outline-level: 1; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u>Framework<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Human Recourse Development in
its Eighty First Report on Value based Education (1999) highlighted that Truth
(Satya), Righteous Conduct (Dharma), Peace (Shanti), Love (Prema), and
Non-violence (Ahimsa) as the core universal values which needed to be
identified as the foundation stone on which the value based education programme
can be build up. <span style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a
specialized body of UN for propagating education </span>has also realized the
importance of values in education.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Value education must begin right from the family and must be continued
in schools. The family system in India has a long tradition of imparting value
education. But with the progress of modernity and fast changing role of the
parents it has not been very easy for the parents to impart relevant values in
their wards. Also schools and universities today run on profit motive
considering imparting education as mere business and not a duty. Hence a
holistic and multi-pronged approach may be adopted starting from informal
education by birth itself and then continuing it in schools and University
level. First and foremost need is to rejuvenate the family system of imparting
value education to child. Ethical and moral values must be included in school
curriculum. School must strive to provide ‘Gurukul’ like culture to students
(Teachers can prove to be a vital link for this as a good teacher teaches from
heart and not from the books). Emphasis must be put on Human Rights Education
in Universities by introducing research and documentation courses at graduate
and post graduate levels. Values of empathy, compassion, secularism,
inclusiveness and pluralism must be highlighted to fulfill ideals of justice,
equity, freedom, democracy and human rights. Philosophies of great reformers and
thinkers must be taught and healthy discussions/debates must be held. In this
regard Swami Vivekananda philosophy of<b>
‘not I but thou’</b>, meaning <b>you are a
part of me and I of you</b>, <b>in hurting
you I hurt myself and in helping you I help myself</b> can be of immense
importance. <span style="background: white;">Focus must be on broad values </span>such
as cultural, universal, personal and social values.<span style="background: white;"> Even there is need to inculcate Environmental values to avoid instances
of deforestation, global warming, water and air pollution. The concept of our
planet as ‘mother earth’ must be reviewed by introducing environmental values
in curriculum</span>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
We must keep in mind that it is the value system that could prepare the
younger generation to become responsible citizens who finally would contribute
to the welfare of society and to the advancement of human race. True values
would be inculcated when we would be able to produce more and more ‘eklavyas’
in our class rooms who just like him (<span style="background: white;">sliced off
his thumb without hesitation and offered it to Drona as </span>guru dakshina’)
would devote themselves for the development of nation and betterment of mankind/society
as a whole.</div>
</div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-39708859037371352162016-03-04T04:06:00.000-08:002017-02-16T20:44:48.444-08:00What "Religion" means to me ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Relgion - Its not just a word - It encompasses the whole of universe and If you supposedly happen to be theist, then not only universe, it may encompass the creator of universe as well.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">For some, 'religion' means worshipping god may be for inner satisfaction or may be out of fear. For others it may be the means for maximising happiness. Some profess religion by visiting Mecca, some by practising a shot of marijuana, some by kidnapping innocent girls (Boko Haram) in name of it, some by justifying killing innocent people, raping women & girls. Everyone is now using religion as a tool to satisfy his/her own needs and interprets it accordingly.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">For me "religion" is synonym for putting smile on faces and for this matter it would not be incorrect if I call myself as an "atheist". Yes being born in a Hindu family, I also use to believe in religion. (Here I'm not referring to word "religion" but the way it is professed). Slowly the supposedly holy threads in hand of mine were replaced by watch. I still have belief in the word 'religion' but I outrightly reject some of the methods by which it is professed. My religion doesn't depends on fluctuating oil prices, neither my god becomes so much angry through its cartoons that it justifies killing. My God is not a function of space and time. My religion is not god fearing but god loving.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-IN">Yes! I’ve been to temple, I bowed in a mosque, I have make prayers in a Church as well but I couldn’t spot any difference/reason in them like some people argue – My God is superior to you, Our holy book is superior than yours! </span>Jai Shri Ram is same for me as Allah ho
Akhbar which in turn appears to me having same meaning as Long Live Christ!</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6144144525602734011.post-63703484507020585462014-03-21T09:02:00.003-07:002014-03-22T00:24:57.137-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="line-height: 115%;">WHY “DARK”...Governance,
Colour, Resources, Exploitation or Destiny ??<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Fortunately (although at times it happened to be unfortunate!!)
I’ve been to west most corner of the so
called “Dark Continent”, to a country named Republic of Guinea, two times, as a
part of some project to be developed there. It left me with innumerable
questions in my mind – answers of which I’m still searching for!!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">The journey itself was very special as we had transit at UAE
to reconnect Flight to Guinea. This provided me with an opportunity to recall what
I had learnt in my class tenth textbooks – Glimpses of all the three types of
economies - It was journey from a developing nation (India) to the underdeveloped
(Republic of Guinea), through a developed one (UAE).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-t7kuL6aE_iasBdfZkJrMaRJURkksuFNZefsR5oWQjoT4b1aEPP4ronJ-hW6x3W3Plkj5rCwB9hnGxSzcTXhyeDcW0ACpgCFjjIay63qNypPvdqnrwxReKhNgkqmLl_MRGEnjajNXDcC/s1600/blog+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-t7kuL6aE_iasBdfZkJrMaRJURkksuFNZefsR5oWQjoT4b1aEPP4ronJ-hW6x3W3Plkj5rCwB9hnGxSzcTXhyeDcW0ACpgCFjjIay63qNypPvdqnrwxReKhNgkqmLl_MRGEnjajNXDcC/s1600/blog+2.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A view of Dubai International Airport</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">The very seven odd hours spent at Dubai International Airport’s
scenic beauty, I was wondering that the developed nations have made so much
progress in terms of technology and standard of living, whether our country
would ever in generations be able to compete with them. Globalisation could best
be visualised there as I was able to see people from all corners of the world carrying/representing
different identities. In a way, Dubai International Airport serves as a “Global
Transit Hub” as Emirates airlines has flights for almost all the regions of the
world.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Now something about Republic of Guinea – Geographically
located on Western side of Africa, Atlantic Ocean borders its capital city
Conakry. It is a predominantly Islamic country, with Muslims representing 85
percent of population. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. The
issue of human rights in the country remains controversial. The
underdevelopment is the result of prolonged history of poor governance that
includes French Colonization (that’s why its official language is also French),
more than 50 years of Autocratic rule and then a short termed rule by Military
Junta before turning into a Republic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Just after landing in Guinea (curious/excited as well as with
some sense of fear!!) I had the experience of what an “under-developed” nation
means. The officials (police as well!!) at the airport were so corrupt that at
each exit point they demanded bribe (of course without any reason!!). After
exiting from airport on way to hotel, I could saw innumerable old generation
Renault cars carrying luggage up to level equivalent to 3-4 times the height of
car, thus making fun of so called “Centre of gravity” concept of physics. The
country has only about 13% access to electricity, provided to households from evening
6 to morning 6 and that too on alternate days. It means during daytime they
don’t have access to electricity at all. The economy is so unproductive that One
US Dollar equals 7000 in their local currency (Guinean Franc). When asked for
exchange worth 4000 US Dollars, I was astonished to see the man bringing two
bags, filled with their local currency. Forget about balanced diet comprising
of proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, fat, roughage & all we demand in
India as part of Food Security, they don’t even have basic food to just kill
their hunger. I could see a metre long bread piece in hands of few (mostly
children) & somebody told me that this is the only food of theirs for the
whole day. Much annoying was the condition of people sitting roadside whole day
doing nothing (as there was no infrastructure, no access to electricity &
hence almost no economy!!)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Still under the aegis of “Under-development”, the term “Globalisation”
had not lost its relevance there also. We were (luckily) able to locate Hotel Taj
Mahal with Indian & Pak cuisines as well as a Chinese Restaurant & a
Casino. Respect for Indian cinema/Bollywood grew exponentially for me when
people, even not knowing in which corner of the planet earth do India lie, were
endlessly praising Amitabh Bachhan, Shahrukh Khan naming few movies of them. I
felt really glad knowing this!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"> After exploring the
Urban Guinea, the next was to explore its rural counterpart. As we moved deeper
into the villages heading towards the project site, the situation turned out to
be more pathetic. The villages had almost no or very bad road connectivity with
no suitable modes of public/private transport available. They are so much
isolated that for a normal village person, going to city/town seems going to
other planet. In such a scenario how one can imagine children to have better
access to schools in nearby city, needy ones to have better access to
healthcare, unemployed to have better job opportunities in cities and a whole
lot of never ending list.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVr_xQGHNEYnmTLC_wwqUrGiiNKzlzuhuh2V9ZD5D8EycF7qsWBNpayohGnD5qPLaOXKZdp0HGpNBwun9fGHtoy2jOAEMKwrMjdVpSoYFXXQagZHoAiAUocUT978hhVjHWaS1GwPPytk7Q/s1600/blog+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVr_xQGHNEYnmTLC_wwqUrGiiNKzlzuhuh2V9ZD5D8EycF7qsWBNpayohGnD5qPLaOXKZdp0HGpNBwun9fGHtoy2jOAEMKwrMjdVpSoYFXXQagZHoAiAUocUT978hhVjHWaS1GwPPytk7Q/s1600/blog+1.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A scene captured in town of Guinea showing children going to school</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">There had been moments forcing me to think what the term “Human
Rights” actually means? Are Global Institutions really working to protect them?
If so, then I witnessed an amazing paradox – A poor child wearing T-shirt of
United Nations (probably distributed as part of UNICEF initiative), searching
dustbin that was kept roadside in hope of getting some food to kill hunger,
finding a small piece of bread & then happily eating it!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">On way, we saw children (mostly starved) waving hands towards
us, maybe as a welcome gesture or maybe in some hope but I really felt helpless
thinking of their miseries & started thinking if I could in anyway do
something to lessen them. The journey left innumerable questions in my mind – Who
is responsible for this condition of theirs – Is it because of poor governance?
Is it the colour that matters to such an extent that it ultimately decides who
is master & who a slave, though I reject this notion otherwise Obama could never
have been a President of the world’s most powerful nation! Are they themselves
responsible for their situation as no one has taught them of their rights &
they have now satisfactorily accepted their daily life, not willing to change
& think beyond their imagination, or…....Or
it is only the luck/destiny that whomsoever gets more resources would become
more wealthier and powerful. I reject this notion as well because Africa is a
resourceful continent! Or this situation is because of exploitation by
Superpowers, first by French (Colonization) & now by US/Russia by
exercising their monopoly over “so called” Global Democratic Institutions like
UN, World Bank, FAO in the process of decision making, whether on issues of trade/agriculture/environment/politics,
vetoing their decision, having consequences only for these third world
countries - stalling their progress & ultimately their right to live &
prosper!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Whatever may be the reason, it is pretty clear that only
Education, better Healthcare & Infrastructure can bring some light in their
lives. I wish “light” for this “dark” Continent!!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i>Dedicated to all those hopeful children in Africa who left a long
lasting impression on me !!<o:p></o:p></i></div>
</div>
perspective 360°http://www.blogger.com/profile/02285211531750100632noreply@blogger.com2